The name doesn’t match Josephus exactly, the ossuary lacks any priestly title, and the tomb is too modest for a high priest. Several scholars think it belongs to a different family.

All three cautions are real and should stay prominent. The strongest counter is the 2011 discovery of an ossuary inscribed Miriam daughter of Yeshua son of Caiaphas, priest of Ma’aziah, which independently confirms a priestly Caiaphas family in the right period and place. The identification with the Gospel Caiaphas remains probable rather than certain, and that is how it should be presented.